EVERYTHING ABOUT NEET 2024-2025

Everything About NEET 2024-2025 You Need to Know

As the National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET) continues to be the gateway to medical and dental colleges across India, preparing for it can be both exciting and overwhelming.

With the NEET 2024-2025 examination approaching, it’s crucial for aspiring medical students to stay informed about the latest updates, changes, and preparation strategies. Here’s a comprehensive guide to help you navigate through the NEET 2024-2025 landscape.

1. What is NEET?

NEET is a national-level entrance exam conducted by the National Testing Agency (NTA) for admission into undergraduate medical courses such as MBBS, BDS, and other allied health programs in government and private colleges across India. It is a critical exam for students aiming for a career in medicine.

2. Key Updates for NEET 2024-2025

Exam Dates and Schedule

NEET 2025: The NEET 2025 exam will likely follow a similar schedule as every year it could be held in the first week of May month. Keep an eye on official announcements for specific dates, we will update time to time through this blog post.

Eligibility Criteria

Age Limit: As per recent guidelines, candidates must be at least 17 years old on or before December 31 of the year of admission. The upper age limit is subject to changes based on government regulations.

Educational Qualification: Candidates must have completed 10+2 with Physics, Chemistry, and Biology/Biotechnology as core subjects, securing a minimum percentage as stipulated by the NTA.

Number of Attempts: There are generally no restrictions on the number of attempts, but candidates must fulfil the age and educational criteria for each attempt.

Exam Pattern and Syllabus Changes

Pattern: NEET 2024-2025 will follow the traditional pattern of a single paper comprising 200 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) 50 questions of  Physics, and Chemistry each, 100 questions from Biology. Each correct answer will be +4 and wrong answer will be -1.

Syllabus: The syllabus for NEET is based on the NCERT curriculum for classes 11 and 12. NTA has changed the syllabus last year kindly go through the syllabus there are low chances to any further change in the syllabus anymore. Any changes in the syllabus will be updated on our website.

Detailed syllabus of NEET 2025

UNIT I: PHYSICS AND MEASUREMENT

Units of measurements. System of Units, , S I Units, fundamental and derived units, least count. significant figures, Errors in measurements , Dimensions of Physics quantities. dimensional analysis, and its applications.

UNIT 2: KINEMATICS

The frame of reference, motion in a straight line. Position- time graph. speed and velocity Uniform and non-uniform motion. average speed and instantaneous velocity. unfirmly accelerated motion. velocity-time, position-time graph, relations for uniformly accelerated motion, Scalars and Vectors. Vector. Addition and subtraction, scalar and vector products. Unit Vector. Resolution of a Vector. Relative Velocity. Motion in a plane, Projectile Motion. Uniform Circular Motion.

UNIT3: LAWS OF MOTION

Force and inertia, Newton’s First law of motion: Momentum, Newton’s Second Law of motion, Impulses: Newton’s Third law of motion. I-aw of conservation of linear momentum and its applications. Equilibrium of concurrent forces. Static and Kinetic friction, laws of friction. rolling friction. Dynamics of uniform circular motion: centripetal force and its applications: vehicle on a level circular road. vehicle on a banked road.

UNIT 4: WORK, BNERGY, AND POWER

Work done by a constant force and a variable force; kinetic and potential energies. work-energy theorem, power. The potential energy of spring conservation of mechanical energy. conservative and nonconservative forces; motion in a vertical circle: Elastic and inelastic collisions in one and two dimensions.

UNIT5: ROTATIONAL MOTION

Centre of the mass of a two-particle system, Centre of the mass of a rigid body: Basic concepts of rotational motion; moment of a force; torque, angular momentum, conservation of angular momentum and its applications; The moment of inertia, the radius of gyration, values of moments of inertia for simple geometrical objects, parallel and perpendicular axes theorems. and their applications. Equilibrium of rigid bodies. rigid body rotation and equations of rotational motion, comparison of linear and rotational motions.

UNIT 6: GRAVITATION

The universal law of gravitation. Acceleration due to gravity and its variation with altitude and depth. Kepler’s law oi planetary motion. Gravitational potential energy; gravitational potential. Escape velocity, Motion of a satellite, orbital velocity, time period and energy of satellite.

UNIT 7: PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS

Elastic behavior, Stress-strain relationship, Hooke’s Law. Young’s modulus, bulk modulus, modulus of rigidity. Pressure due to a liquid column; Pascal’s law and its applications. Effect of gravity on fluid pressure. Viscosity. Stokes’ law. terminal velocity, streamline, and turbulent flow.

Critical velocity Bernoulli’s principle and its applications. Surface energy and surface tension, angle of contact, excess of pressure across a curved surface, application of surface tension – drops, bubbles, and capillary rise. Heat, temperature, thermal expansion; specific heat capacity, calorimetry; change of state, latent heat. Heat transfer conduction, convection, and radiation.

UNIT 8: THERMODYNAMICS

Thermal equilibrium, zeroth law of thermodynamics, the concept of temperature. Heat, work, and internal energy. The first law of thermodynamics, isothermal and adiabatic processes. The second law of thermodynamics: reversible and irreversible processes.

UNIT 9: KINETIC THEORY OF GASES

Equation of state of a perfect gas, work done on compressing a gas, Kinetic theory of gases – assumptions, the concept of pressure. Kinetic interpretation of temperature: RMS speed of gas molecules: Degrees of freedom. Law of equipartition of energy and applications to specific heat capacities of gases; Mean free path. Avogadro’s number.

UNIT 10: OSCILLATIONS AND WAVES

Oscillations and periodic motion – time period, frequency, displacement as a function of time. Periodic functions. Simple harmonic motion (S.H.M.) and its equation; phase: oscillations of a spring -restoring force and force constant: energy in S.H.M. – Kinetic and potential energies;

Simple pendulum – derivation of expression for its time period: Wave motion. Longitudinal and transverse waves, speed of travelling wave. Displacement relation for a progressive wave. Principle of superposition of waves, reflection of waves. Standing waves in strings and organ pipes, fundamental mode and harmonics- Beats.

UNIT 11: ELECTROSTATICS

Electric charges: Conservation of charge. Coulomb’s law forces between two point charges, forces between multiple charges: superposition principle and continuous charge distribution. Electric field: Electric field due to a point charge, Electric field lines. Electric dipole, Electric field due to a dipole. Torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field.

Electric flux’ Gauss’s law and its applications to find field due to infinitely long uniformly charged straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet, and uniformly charged thin spherical shell. Electric potential and its calculation for a point charge, electric dipole and system of charges potential difference, Equipotential surfaces, Electrical potential energy of a system of two point charges and of electric dipole in an electrostatic field. conductors and insulators.

Dielectrics and electric polarization, capacitors and capacitances, the combination of capacitors in series and parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the plates. Energy stored in a capacitor.

UNIT 12: CURRENT ELECTRICITY

Electric current. Drift velocity, mobility and their relation *with electric current. Ohm’s law. Electrical resistance. V-l characteristics of ohmic and non-ohmic conductors. Electrical energy and power’ Electrical resistivity and conductivity. Series and parallel combinations of resistors; Temperature dependence of resistance. Internal resistance, potential difference and emf of a cell, a combination of cells in series and parallel. Kirchhoff’s Laws and their applications. wheatstone bridge. Meter Bridge

UNIT 13: MAGNETIC ETFECTS OF CURRENT AND MAGNETISM

Biot – Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loop. Ampere’s law and its applications to infinitely long current carrying straight wire and solenoid. Force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields. Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field. The force between two parallel currents carrying conductors-definition of ampere.

Torque experienced by a current loop in a uniform magnetic field: Moving coil galvanometer, its sensitivity, and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter. Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment. Bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid. magnetic field lines;

Magnetic field due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) among its axis and perpendicular to its axis. Torque on a magnetic dipole in a uniform magnetic field. Para, dia and ferromagnetic substances with examples, effect of temperature of magnetic properties.

UNIT I4: ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION AND ALTERNATING CURRENTS

Electromagnetic induction: Faraday’s law. Induced emf and current: Lenz’s Law, Eddy currents. Self and mutual inductance. Alternating current, peak and RMS value of alternating current/ voltage: reactance and impedance: LCR series circuit, resonance: power in AC circuits, wattless current. AC generator and transformer.

UNIT 15: ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES

Displacement current. Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics, Transverse nature of electromagnetic waves, Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet. X-rays. Gamma rays), Applications of e.m. waves.

UNIT l6: OPTICS Reflection of light

spherical minors, mirror formula. Refraction of right at plane and spherical surfaces, thin lens formula and lens maker formula. Total internal reflection and its applications. Magnification Power of a Lens. Combination of thin lenses in contact. Refraction of light though a prism. Microscope and Astronomical Telescope (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying powers. Wave optics: wavefront and Huygens’ principle. Laws of reflection and refraction using Huygens principle. Interference, Young’s double-slit experiment and expression for fringe width, coherent sources, and sustained interference of light. Diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maximum. Polarization, plane-polarized light: Brewster’s law, uses of plane-polarized light and Polaroid.

UNIT 17. DUAL NATURE OF MATTER AND RADIATION

Dual nature of radiation. Photoelectric effect. Hertz and Lenard’s observations; Einstein’s photoelectric equation: particle nature of light. Matter waves- wave nature of particle, de Broglie relation.

UNIT 18: ATOMS AND NUCLEI

Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford’s model of atom; Bohr model, energy levels’ hydrogen spectrum. Composition and size of nucleus, atomic masses, Mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number, nuclear fission, and fusion.

UNIT 19: ELECTRONIC DEVICES

Semiconductors; semiconductor diode: I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias; diode as a rectifier; I-V characteristics of LED. the photodiode, solar cell, and Zener diode; Zener diode as a voltage regulator. Logic gates (OR. AND. NOT. NAND and NOR).

UNIT 20: EXPERIMENTAL SKILLS

Familiarity with the basic approach and observations of the experiments and activities:

1. Vernier calipers-its use to measure the internal and external diameter and depth of a vessel.
2. Screw gauge-its use to determine thickness diameter of thin sheet/wire’
3. Simple pendulum-dissipation of energy by plotting a graph between the square of amplitude and time.
4. Metre Scale – the mass of a given object by the principle of moments’
5. Young’s modulus of elasticity of the material of a metallic wire’
6. Surf ace tension of water by capillary rise and effect of detergents,
7. Co-efficient of Viscosity of a given viscous liquid by measuring terminal velocity of a given spherical body
8. Speed of sound in air at room temperature using a resonance tube,
9. Specific heat capacity of a given (i) solid and (ii) liquid by method of mixtures.
10. The resistivity of the material of a given wire using a metre bridge’
11. The resistance of a given wire using Ohm’s law’
12. Resistance and figure of merit of a galvanometer by half deflection method.
13. The focal length of; (i) Convex mirror (ii) Concave mirror, and (iii) Convex lens, using the parallax method.
14. The plot of the angle of deviation vs angle of incidence for a triangular prism.
15. Refractive index of a glass slab using a travelling microscope.
16. characteristic curves of a p-n junction diode in forward and reverse bias.
17. characteristic curves of a Zener diode and finding reverse break down voltage.
18. Identification of Diode, LED, Resistor and a capacitor from a mixed collection of such items.

CHEMISTRY

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY UNIT I: SOME BASIC CONCEPTS IN CHEMISTRY

Matter and its nature, Dalton’s atomic theory: Concept of atom, molecule, element. and compound: Laws of chemical combination; Atomic and molecular masses, mole concept, molar mass, percentage composition, empirical and molecular formulae: Chemical equations and stoichiometry.

UNIT 2: ATOMIC STRUCTURE

Nature of electromagnetic radiation, photoelectric effect; Spectrum of the hydrogen atom. Bohr model of a hydrogen atom – its postulates, derivation of the relations for the energy of the electron and radii of the different orbits, limitations of Bohr’s model; Dual nature of matter, de Broglie’s relationship.

Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Elementary ideas of quantum mechanics, quantum mechanics, the quantum mechanical model of the atom, its important features. Concept of atomic orbitals as one-electron wave functions: Variation of Y and Y2 with r for ls and 2s orbitals: various quantum numbers (principal, angular momentum, are magnetic quantum numbers) and their significance; shapes of s, p, and d – orbitals, electron spin and spin quantum number: R

ules for filling electrons in orbit is – Aufbau principle. Pauli’s exclusion principle and Hund’s rule, electronic configuration of elements, extra stability of half-filled and completely filled orbitals’

UNIT 3: CHEMICAL BONDINC AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE

Kossel – Lewis approach to chemical bond formation, the concept of ionic and covalent bonds’ Ionic Bonding: Formation of ionic bonds, factors affecting the formation of ionic bonds; calculation of lattice enthalpy. covalent Bonding: concept of electronegativity. Fajan’s rule, dipole moment: valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory and shapes of simple molecules.

Quantum mechanical approach to covalent bonding: Valence bond theory – its important features. the concept of hybridization involving s, p, and d orbitals; Resonance’ Molecular orbital Theory – Its important features. LCAOs, ‘types of molecular orbitals (bonding, antibonding), sigma and pi-bonds, molecular orbital electronic configurations of homonuclear diatomic molecules, the concept of bond order, bond length, and bond energy’ Elementaryideaofmetallicbonding.Hydrogenbondingandisapplications.

UNIT 4: CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS

Fundamentals of thermodynamics: system and surroundings, extensive and intensive properties’ state functions, types of processes’ The first lew of thermodynamics – concept of work, heat internal energy and enthalpy, heat capacity, molar heat capacity; Hess’s law of constant heat summation; Enthalpies of bond dissociation, combustion’ formation, atomization. sublimation. phase transition, hydration. ionization. and solution. The second law of thermodynamics – Spontaneity of processes: AS of the universe and AC of the system as criteria for spontaneity. AG” (Standard Gibbs energy change) and equilibrium constant.

UNIT 5: SOLUTIONS

Different methods for expressing the concentration of solution – molarity, molarity, more fraction. percentage (by volume and mass both), the vapour pressure of solutions and Results law – Ideal and. non-ideal solutions, vapour pressure – composition, plots for ideal and non-ideal solutions: colligative properties of dilute solutions – a relative lowering of vapour pressure, depression or mass freezing point’ the elevation of. boiling point and osmotic pressure; Determination of molecular significance. using colligative properties; Abnormal value of molar mass, van’t Hoff factor and its significance.

UNIT 6: EQUILIBRIUM

Meaning of equilibrium, the concept of dynamic equilibrium. Equilibria involving physical processes: Solid liquid, Henry’s liquid – gas and solid-gas equilibrium, law. General characteristics of equilibrium, involving physical process.   Equilibrium constants (K, involving chemical processes: Law of chemical equilibrium, equilibrium and K”) and their significance, the significance of G and G in chemical equilibrium, factors affecting equilibrium. concentration, pressure, temperature, catalyst; Le Chatelier’s the effect of principle.

Ionic equilibrium: weak. and strong electrolytes, acids and bases ionization of electrolytes, various concepts of equilibria (including multistage ionization) and ionization constant, ionization of water Ph scale, common ion effect, hydrolysis of salt and Ph of their solution, the solubility of sparingly soluble salt and solubility products, buffer solution.

UNIT 7: REDOX REACTIONS AND ELECTROCHEMISTRY

Electronic concepts of oxidation and reduction. Redox reaction assigning oxidation reactions, oxidation number, rules for number, balancing of redox reaction.

Electrolytic and metallic conduction, conductance and there in electrolytic solutions, molar conductivities variation with concentration: Kohlrausch’s law and its applications.

Electrochemical cells – Electrolytic and Galvanic cells, different types of electrodes, electrode potentials including standard- electrode potential, half-cell and cell reaction, reaction of galvanic cell and its measurement: Nernst equation and its applications; relationship between cell potential and Gibbs’ energy change: dry cell and lead accumulator; fuel cells.

UNIT 8: CHEMICAL KINETICS

Rate of a chemical reaction, factors affecting the rate of reactions: concentration, temperature pressure and catalyst; elementary and complex reaction order and molecularity of reactions, rate law, rate constant and its units, differential and integral forms of zero and first order reaction. reactions. their characteristics and half-lives, the effect of temperature on the rate oi reactions. Arrhenius theory. activation energy and its calculation, collision theory of bimolecular gaseous reactions (no derivation).

INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

UNIT 9: CLASSITICATION OF ELEMENTS AND PERIODICITY IN PROPERTIES

Modem periodic law and present form of the periodic table. s, p. d and f block elements- periodic trends in properties of elements atomic and ionic radii. ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy)’. valence. oxidation states. and chemical reactivity’

UNIT 10: P- BLOCK ELEMENTS

Group -13 to Group 18 Elements General Introduction: Electronic configuration and general trends in physical and chemical properties of elements across the periods and down the groups; unique behavior of the first element in each group.

UNIT 11: d – and f- BLOCK ELEMENTS

Transition Elements General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics, general trends in properties of the first. row transition elements – physical properties, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states. atomic radii. color. catalytic behavior. magnetic properties, complex formation. Interstitial compounds. Alloy formation: Preparation, properties, and uses of K₂Cr₂O₇. and KMnO₄.

lnner Transition Elements

Lanthanoids – Electronic configuration, oxidation state, and lanthanoid contraction.

Actinoids – electronic configuration and oxidation state.

UNIT l2: CO-ORDINATION COMPOUNDS

Introduction to coordination compounds. Wemer’s theory; ligands, coordination number. denticity. chelation; IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear co-ordination compounds’ isomerism: Bonding Valence bond approach and basic ideas of Crystal field theory, colour and magnetic properties; importance of co-ordination compounds (in qualitative analysis. extraction of metals and in biological systems)’

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

UNIT 13: PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERISATION OF ORGANIC COMPOIJNDS

Purification – Crystallization. sublimation’ chromatography – principles and their applications’ distillation, differential extraction, and Qualitative analysis – Detection of nitrogen, sulphur’ phosphorus’ and halogens

Quantitative analysis (basic principles only) – Estimation of carbon. hydrogen. nitrogen. halogens. sulphur. phosphorus. calculations of empirical formulae and molecular formulae: Numerical problems in organic quantitative analysis.

UNIT I4: SOME BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

Tetravalency of carbon: Shapes of simple molecules – hybridization (s and p): classification of organic compounds based on functional groups: and those containing halogen, oxygen, nitrogen and Sulphur; Homologous series: Isomerism – structural and stereoisomerism.

UNITS 15: HYDROCARBONS

Classification’ isomerism. IUPAC nomenclature, general methods of preparation, properties, and reactions.

Alkanes – Conformations: Sawhorse and Newman projections (of ethane): Mechanism of halogenation of alkanes

Alkenes – Geometrical isomerism: Mechanism of electrophilic addition: addition of hydrogen halogens, water. hydrogen halides (Markownikoffs and peroxide effect) ozonolysis and polymerization.

Alkynes – Acidic character: Addition of hydrogen halogens. water. and hydrogen halides: Polymerization.

Aromatic hydrocarbons – Nomenclature. benzene – structure and aromaticity,: Mechanism of electrophilic  substitution: halogenation, nitration.

Friedel – craft’s alkylation and acylation, directive influence of the functional group in mono- substituted benzene.

UNIT 16: ORGANIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING HALOGENS

substitution General methods of preparation, properties, and reactions; Nature of C_X bond: Mechanisms of reactions. Uses; Environmental effects of chloroform, iodoform freons, and DDT

UNIT 17: ORGANIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING OXYGEN

General methods of preparation, properties, reactions, and uses. ALCOHOLS, PIIENOLS, and ETHERS

Alcohols: Identification of primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols: mechanism of dehydration. Phenols: Acidic nature, electrophilic substitution reactions: halogenation. nitration and sulphonation. Reimer – Tiemann reaction.

Ethers: Structure.

Aldehyde and Ketones: Nature of carbonyl group; Nucleophilic addition to >C=O group’ relative reactivities of aldehydes and ketones; Important reactions such as – Nucleophilic addition reactions (addition of HCN. NH:. and its derivatives), Grignard reagent; oxidation: reduction (wolf Kishner and Clemmensen); the acidity of cr.-hydrogen. aldol condensation Cannizzaro reaction. Haloform reaction, Chemical tests to distinguish between aldehydes and Ketones.

Carboxylic Acids

Acidic strength and factors affecting it,

UNIT I8: ORGANIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING NITROGEN

General methods of preparation. Properties, reactions, and uses’ Amines: Nomenclature, classification structure, basic character, and identification of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines and their basic character’ Diazonium Salts: Importance in synthetic organic chemistry.

UNIT 19: BIOMOLECULES

General introduction and importance of biomolecules’ CARBOHYDRATES – classification; aldoses and ketoses: monosaccharides (glucose and fructose) and constituent monosaccharides of oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, and maltose)’

Proteins. Elementary Idea of a- amino acids, peptidebond, polypeptides. Proteins: primary. secondary, tertiary, and quatenary structure (qualitative idea only) denaturation of proteins enzymes.

VITAMINS – Classification and functions

NUCLEIC ACIDS – Chemical constitution of DNA and RNA’ Biological functions of nucleic acids’ Hormones (General introduction)

UNIT 20: PRINCIPLES RELATED TO PRACTICAI, CHEMISTRY

Detection of extra elements (Nitrogen, sulphur, halogens) inorganic compounds; Detection of the following functional group., hydroxyl (alcoholic and phenolic), carbonyl (aldehyde and ketones) carboxyl, and amino groups in organic compounds.

The chemistry involved in the preparation the following:

Inorganic compounds: Mohr’s salt. potash alum’

Organic compounds: Acetanilide. p-nitro acetanilide’ aniline yellow iodoform.

The chemistry involved in the titrimetric exercises – Acids. bases and the use of indicators. Oxalic acid vs KMnO₄. Mohr’s salt vs KMnO_4.

Chemical principles involved in the qualitative salt analysis:

cations – pb²⁺. cu²⁺. Al³⁺, Fe³⁺. zn²⁺, Ni²⁺, C0²⁺, Ba²⁺, Mg^2-. NH₄⁺

Chemical principles involved in the following experiments:

1. Enthalpy of solution of CuSO₄
2. Enthalpy of neutralization of strong acid and strong base.
3. Preparation of lyophilic and lyophobic sols.
4. Kinetic study of the reaction or iodide ions with hydrogen peroxide at room temperature.

BIOLOGY

UNIT l: Diversity in Living World

What is living?  Biodiversity; Need for classification; Taxonomy & Systematics; Concept of species and taxonomical hierarchy; Binomial nomenclature;

Five kingdom classification: salient features and classification of Monera; Protista and Fungi into major groups: Lichensl Viruses and Viroids.

salient features and classification of plants into major groups-Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms (three to five salient and distinguishing features and at least two examples of each category);

Salient features and classification of animals-non chordate up to phyla level and chordate up to classes level (three to five salient features and at least two examples).

UNIT 2: Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants

Morphology and modifications; Tissues; Anatomy and functions of different parts of flowering plants: Root, stem, leaf, inflorescence- cymose and recemose, flower’ fruit and seed 1To be dealt along with the relevant practical of the Practical Syllabus) Family (malvaceae, Cruciferae, leguminoceae, compositae, graminae). Animal tissues; Morphology, anatomy and functions of different systems (digestive, circulatory, respiratory, nervous and reproductive) of an insect (Frog)’ (Brief account only)

UNIT 3: Cell

Structure and Function cell theory and cell as the basic unit of life; Structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell; Plant cell and animal cell; Cell envelope’ cell membrane, cell wall; Cell organelles structure and function; Endomembrane system-endoplasmic reticulum’ Golgi bodies’ lysosomes, vacuoles; mitochondria, ribosomes, plastids, micro bodies; Cytoskeleton’ cilia flagella centrioles (ultra structure and function); Nucleus-nuclear membrane’ chromatin, nucleolus.

chemical constituents of living cells: Biomolecules-structure and function of proteins, carbohydrates. lipids, nucleic acids Enzymes action, properties’ enzyme action’ classification and nomenclature of enzymes.

B Cell division: Cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis and their significance.

UNIT 4: Plant Physiology.

Photosynthesis: Photosynthesis as a means of Autotrophic nutrition; Site of photosynthesis take place; pigments involved in Photosynthesis (Elementary-. idea); Photochemical and biosynthetic phases of photosynthesis; Cyclic and non-cyclic and photophosphorylation; chemiosmotic hypothesis; photorespiration c3 and c4 pathways; Factors affecting photosynthesis.

Respiration: Exchange gases; cellular respiration-glycolysis. fermentation (anaerobic), TCA cycle and electron transport system (aerobic); Energy relations- Number of ATP molecules generated; Amphibolic pathways; Respiratory quotient.

Plant growth and development: Seed germination; phases of plant growth and plant growth rate; Conditions of growth; Differentiation, dedifferentiation and redifferentiation; Sequence of developmental process in a plant cell; Growth regulators auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA;

UNIT 5: Human Physiology

Breathing and Respiration: Respiratory organs in animals (recall only); Respiratory system in humans; Mechanism of breathing and its regulation in humans-Exchange of gases, transport of gases and regulation of respiration Respiratory volumes; Disorders related to respiration-Asthm4 Emphysema, Occupational respiratory disorders. ‘ Body fluids and circulation: composition of blood, blood groups, coagulation of brood; composition of lymph and its function; Human circulatory system-structure of human heart and blood vessers; cardiac cycle, cardiac output. ECG. Double circulation; Regulation of cardiac activity; Disorders of circuratory system-Hypertension, coronary artery disease, Angina pectoris, Heart failure.

Excretory products and their elimination: Modes of excretion- Ammoniotelic, ureotelism, uricotelism; Human excretory system-structure and function; Urine formation, osmoregulation; Regulation of kidney function-Renin-angiotensin, Atrial Natriuretic Factor’ ADH and Diabetes insipidus; Role of other organs in excretion; Disorders; Uraemia, Renal failure, Renal carculi, Nephritis; Dialysis and artificial kidney.

Locomotion and Movement: Types of movement- ciliary, flagellar, muscular; Skeletal muscle- contractile proteins and muscle contraction; Skeletal system and its functions (To be dealt with the relevant practical of practical syllabus); Joints; Disorders of muscular and skeletal system-Myasthenia gravis, Tetany, Muscular dystrophy, Arthritis, Osteoporosis, Gout.

Neural control and coordination: Neuron and nerves; Nervous system in humans’ central nervous system, peripheral nervous system and visceral nervous system; Generation and conduction of nerve impulse;

chemical coordination and regulation: Endocrine glands and hormones; Human endocrine system-Hypothalamus, pituitary, pineal, Thyroid, parathyroid, Adrenal, Pancreas, Gonads; Mechanism of hormone action (Elementary idea); Role of hormones as messengers and regulators, Hypo-and hyperactivity and related disorders (common disorders e.g. Dwarfism, Acromegaly, Cretinism, goiter, exopthalmic goiter, diabetes, Addison’s disease).

(lmp: Diseases and disorders mentioned above to be dealt in brief.)

UNIT 6: Reproduction

Sexual reproduction in flowering plants: Flower structure; Development of male and female gametophytes; Pollination-types, agencies and examples; Outbreeding devices; Pollen-Pistil interaction; Double fertilization; Post fertilization events- Development of endosperm and embryo, Development of seed and formation of fruit; Special modes-apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony; Significance of seed and fruit formation.

Human Reproduction: Male and female reproductive systems; Microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary; Gametogenesis-spermatogenesis & oogenesis; Menstrual cycle; Fertilisation, embryo development up to blastocyst formation, implantation: Pregnancy and placenta formation (Elementary idea); Parturition (Elementary idea); Lactation (Elementary idea).

Reproductive health: Need for reproductive health and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STD); Birth Control-Need and Methods, Contraception and Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP); Amniocentesis; infertility and assisted reproductive technologies – IVF, ZIFT, GIFT (Elementary idea for general awareness).

UNIT 7: Genetics and Evolution-

Heredity and variation: Mendelian inheritance; Deviations from Mendelism Incomplete dominance, Co-dominance, Multiple alleles and Inheritance of blood groups, Pleiotropy; Elementary idea of polygenic inheritance; Chromosome theory of inheritance; Chromosomes and genes; Sex determination-l-n humans’ birds, honey bee; Linkage and crossing over; Sex linked inheritance-Haemophilia colour blindness; Mendelian disorders in humans-Thalassemia; chromosomal disorders in humans; Down’s syndrome, Tumer’s and Klinefelter’s syndromes. . Molecular basis of Inheritance: Search for genetic material and DNA as genetic material; Structure of DNA and RNA; DNA packaging; DNA replication; Central dogma; Transcription, genetic code, translation; Gene expression and regulation- Lac Operon; Genome and human genome project; DNA finger printing, protein biosynthesis.

Evolution: Origin of life; Biological evolution and evidences for biological evolution from Paleontology, comparative anatomy, embryology and molecular evidence); Darwin’s contribution, Modem Synthetic theory of Evolution; Mechanism of evolution-Variation (Mutation and Recombination) and Natural Selection with examples, types of natural selection; Gene flow and genetic drift; Hardy-Weinberg’s principle; Adaptive Radiation; Human evolution.

UNIT 8: Biology’ and Human Welfare

Health and Disease; Pathogens; parasites causing human diseases (Malaria, Filariasis, Ascariasis. Typhoid, Pneumonia, common cold, amoebiasis, ring worm, dengue, chikungunya); Basic concepts of immunology-vaccines; Cancer, HIV and AIDS; Adolescence, drug and alcohol abuse. Tobacco abuse Microbes in human welfare: In household food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation and as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers.

UNIT 9: BIOTECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATION

Principles and process of Biotechnology Genetic engineering (Recombinant DNA technology).

Application of Biotechnology in health and agriculture: Human insulin and vaccine production, gene therapy Genetically modified organisms-Br crops: Transgenic Animals Biosafety issues-Biopiracy and patents.

UNIT l0: Ecology and Environment

organisms and environment Population interactions-mutualism, competition. predation, parasitism; Population attributes-growth. birth rate ad death rate, age distribution.

Ecosystem: Patterns, components; productivity and decomposition: Energy flow: Pyramids of number, biomass. Energy

Biodiversity and its conservation: concept of Biodiversity; patterns of Biodiversity: Importance of Biodiversity; Loss of Biodiversity Biodiversity conservation; Hotspots, endangered organisms. extinction; Red Data Book. biosphere reserves, National parks and sanctuaries, Sacred Groves.

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3. Study Plan

Create a Timetable: Develop a realistic study timetable that covers all subjects and allows for regular revisions. Allocate time for each topic based on your strengths and weaknesses.

Set Goals: Break down your preparation into manageable goals and milestones to track your progress.

Recommended Resources

Books: Stick to NCERT textbooks for Physics, Chemistry, and Biology. Supplement with reference books like “Objective Biology” by Dinesh, “Concepts of Physics” by H.C. Verma, and “Physical Chemistry” by O.P. Tandon.

Online Courses: Enrol in reputable online courses and coaching programs that offer mock tests, interactive sessions, and expert guidance.

Practice and Revision

Mock Tests: Regularly take mock tests to familiarize yourself with the exam pattern and improve your time management skills.

Previous Papers: Practice previous years’ question papers to understand the type of questions asked and to gauge your preparation level.

4. Application Process

How to Apply

Registration: Visit the official NEET website and register by filling in the required details. Ensure that you provide accurate information and upload necessary documents as per the guidelines.

Application Fee: Pay the application fee online through various payment modes such as credit/debit card or net banking.

Admit Card and Exam Day Instructions

Admit Card: Download the admit card from the official website once it is released. Check all details carefully and follow the instructions provided.

Exam Day: Reach the exam centre well before the reporting time with all necessary documents, including your admit card, a valid ID proof, and a passport-sized photograph.

5. Tips for Stress Management

Stay Positive: Maintain a positive mindset and avoid unnecessary stress. Practice relaxation techniques such as deep breathing or meditation.

Healthy Lifestyle: Ensure a balanced diet, adequate sleep, and regular physical activity to keep your body and mind in top shape.

6. Post-Exam Process

Result Declaration

Results: NEET results are typically announced a few weeks after the exam. Check your results on the official website and keep an eye on subsequent updates.

Counselling and Admission

Counselling: Based on your NEET score, you will be eligible for counselling rounds conducted by various medical counselling authorities. Follow the counselling process to choose your preferred colleges and courses.

Conclusion

Preparing for NEET 2024-2025 is a journey that requires dedication, strategic planning, and consistent effort. By staying informed about the exam updates, creating an effective study plan, and managing stress effectively, you can enhance your chances of success. Remember, the key to excelling in NEET is a well-balanced approach to preparation and self-care.

For more tips and updates on NEET 2024-2025, stay tuned to our blog and explore additional resources on our website. Best of luck with your preparation.