34 BIOTECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATIONS QUESTIONS
BIOTECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATIONS QUESTIONS
Biotechnology mainly deals with
A) Industrial scale production of biopharmaceutical
B) Biological use of genetically modified microbes, fungi, plants and animals
C) Both A and B
D) None of these
Which of the following is not included in the application of biotechnology
A) Waste treatment
B) Conventional hybridisation
C) Energy production
D) Genetically modified crops
Application like bioremediation, processed food, therapeutics and diagnostics are related to
A) Biochemistry
B) Microbiology
C) Biotechnology
D) Medical Science
____ is/are the critical research area(s) of biotechnology.
A) Creating optimals conditions for catalyst function
B) Providing best catalyst
C) Developing down streaming processing technique
D) All of the above
Which of the following is not for increasing food production?
A) Agrochemical based agriculture
B) Organic agriculture
C) Genetic engineered crop-based agriculture
D) None of these
Organic agriculture is a technique of raising crops for
A) increased food production
B) reduction in required labour
C) increasing the use of agrochemicals
D) Both A & C
Use of genetically modified crops in crop field may
A) reduce the harmful effects of fertilizers
B) maximize yield
C) be environment friendly
D) All of the above
Plants bacteria, fungi and animals whose genes have been altered by manipulation are called
A) Pest resistant organism
B) Hybrid organisms
C) Genetically modified organism
D) Insect resistant organism
Golden rice is genetically modified crop plant with incorporate gene meant for biosynthesis of
A) Vitamin E B) Vitamin K C) Omega-3 D) Vitamin A
____ produced by Bacillus thuringiensis
A) t- toxin B) Bt toxin C) An acid D) All of these
The bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis produce ____ plants which reduces the amount of ____ used.
A) disease resistant, insecticide
B) insect resistant, fertilizers
C) disease resistant, industrial enzyme
D) insect resistant, insecticide
Which of the following crops are modified using Bacillus thuringiensis?
A) Corn and cotton
B) Tomato and rice
C) Potato and soyabean
D) All of the above
Which of the following is being grown in India by farmers as Bt crop?
A) Maize B) Brinzal C) Cotton D) Soyabean
By inserting a piece of DNA from ____insect resistant transgenic cotton has been produced.
A) a wild relative of cotton B) bacterium C) an insect D) virus
Some strains of Bacillus thuringiensis produce proteins that will insect like
A) Lepidopterans B) Coleopterans
C) Dipterans D) All of these
Coleopterans examples are/is-
A) Flies B) Mosquitoes C) Beetles D) All of the above
Bacillus thuringiensis forms protein crystals which contain a-
A) Simple protein
B) Non-toxic insecticidal protein
C) Toxic insecticidal protein
D) Simple lipids
Why does Bt toxin protein crystal not kill the Bacillus? Because-
A) Bacteria encloses toxins in special sac
B) Bacteria are resistant to toxin
C) Toxin occurs as inactive protoxins in bacteria
D) All of the above
Bt toxin kills insect by-
A) Inhibiting protein synthesis
B) Generating excessive heat
C) Creating pores leading to cell swelling and lysis in the mid gut epithelial cells
D) None of these
The choices of genes of Bacillus thuringiensis, incorporated in to crop depends upon
A) Crop B) Targeted pest C) Both A and B D) Toxin
The crops having cry genes need
A) Small amount of fungicide B) Large amount of pesticide
C) Small amount of insecticide D) None of the above
The Bt toxin protein
A) Obstruct a biosynthetic pathway
B) Causes death of the insect
C) Stops egg laying of adult
D) Generating excessive heat
Cotton bollworm controlled by-
A) Cry I Ac, Cry II Ab
B) Cry I Ac, Cry II Ac, Cry I Ab
C) Cry II Ac, Cry I Ab
D) Cry I Ab
Bt corn has been made resistant to corn borer by the introduction of gene
A) Cry I Ac B) Cry II Ab C) Cry I Ab D) Cry II Ac
Cry II Ab and Cry I Ab produces toxins that control
A) Cotton bollworms and corn borer resp.
B) Cotton bollworm and budworms of tobacco resp.
C) Corn borer and cotton bollworms resp.
D) Nematodes and tobacco budworms resp.
Which of the following nematodes infects the root of the tobacco plants which reduces the production of tobacco?
A) Melodiogyne incognitia B) Ascaris C) Wuckereria D) Interobious
A Novel strategy was adopted to present Meloidiogyne incognita infection in tobacco plants that was based on the process of
A) DNA interference B) RNA interference
C) RNA initiation D) DNA initiation
Resistance against a Nematode was introduce by implying RNA in ____plants.
A) Tomato B) Bt corn C) Bt cotton D) Tobacco
RNAi stand for
A) RNA inteteron B) RNA interference
C) RNA inactivation D) RNA initiation
RNAi take place in all ____ organisms as method of ____.
A) prokaryotes, insect resistant B) eukaryotes, insect resistant
C) eukaryotes, cellular defence D) prokaryotes, cellular defence
____ is used for silencing of an unwanted gene
A) RNA B) DNA polymerase
C) Restriction enzyme D) All of these
Silencing of mRNA molecule in order to control the production of a harmful protein has been used in the protection of plants from
A) Beetles B) Armyworm C) Budworm D) Nematodes
Transposons are also known as
A) Silenced gene B) Plesotropic genes
C) Mobile genetic elements D) Both A and C
Tobacco plant resistant to a nematode have been developed by the introduction of DNA and it is produced in the lost cells as
A) A particular hormone
B) Toxic protein
C) Both sense and antisense RNA
D) An antifeedant
The first human hormone produced by recombinant technology is
A) Oestrogen B) Progesterone C) Thyroxine D) Insulin
The demerits of using bovine insulin (from cow) and porcine insulin (from pig) in diabetic patients is-
A) It leads to hypercalcemic B) It may cause allergic reaction
C) It is expensive D) All of the above
The two polypeptides of human insulin are linked together by
A) Phosphodiester bonds
B) Disulphide bridge
C) Hydrogen bonds
D) None of the above
____ is removed during the maturation of proinsulin to insulin.
A) A-chain B) B-chain C) C-chain D) Both A and B
The main challenge for production of insulin using rDNA techniques was
A) Splitting A and B- peptide chains
B) Addition of C- peptide to proinsulin
C) Getting insulin assembled to mature form
D) Removal of C- peptide from active insulin
Which of the following companies prepared human insulin in 1983?
A) Monsanto B) Eli Lily C) Genetech D) GEAC
Treatment of genetic disorder by manipulating gene is called-
A) Gene therapy
B) rDNA technology
C) Bone marrow transplantation
D) Enzyme replacement therapy
For the first time, therapy was tried on a 4 year old girl in 1990 to treat ____.
B) Adenosine Deaminase (ADA)
C) Tyrosine oxidase
D) Glutamate tryhydrogenase
Which kind of therapy was given in 1990 to 4 year old girl with enzyme deficiency?
A) Gene therapy
B) Chemotherapy
C) Immunotherapy
D) Radiation therapy
Adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency can be treated by ____ and ____ but it is not fully curative. Here A and B can be
A) A- gene therapy, B- radiation therapy
B) A- bone marrow transplantation, B-enzyme replacement therapy
C) A- organ transplantation, B- hormone replacement
D) A- radiation therapy, B- enzyme replacement therapy
The advantage of beginning gene therapy prior to birth is-
A) The body would not reject it as it has not yet recognised ‘self’.
B) This would give the body plenty of time.
C) The cell being extremely young are more receptive to gene therapy.
D) None of these
Why using conventional method for diagnosis is not very relevant?
A) Early detection is not possible
B) Not reliable
C) Results are incorrect
D) All of these
Which of the following molecular diagnostic technique is used to detect the presence of a pathogen in its early stage of infection-
A) Angiography
B) Radiography
C) Enzyme replacement technique
D) Polymerase chain reaction
Why PCR is used?
A) to detect HIV in suspected AIDS patients
B) to detect Mutation in the genes of suspected cancer patients
C) Diagnose many genetic disorders
D) All of the above
A single stranded Nucleic acid tagged with a radioactive molecule is called
A) Plasmid
B) Probe
C) Vector
D) Selectable market
In which of the following method, a probe is allowed hybridise to its complementary DNA in the clone of cells?
A) Enzyme linked Immono sorbent Assay (ELISA)
B) PCR
C) Autoradiography
D) Gene therapy
Technique used to detect mutation in genes is known as-
A) Gel electrophoresis
B) PCR
C) Gene therapy
D) Autoradiography
Which of the following technique is based on the principle of antigen – antibody interaction?
A) PCR
B) ELISA
C) Recombinant DNA technology
D) Gene therapy
Animals whose DNA is manipulated to possess and express an extra (foreign) gene are known as
A) Transgenic animals B) Hybrid animals
C) Transferrin animals D) All of the above
Transgenic animals are those which have foreign?
A) DNA in all of their cells B) Proteins in all of their cells
C) RNA in all their cells D) RNA in some of their cells
95% of all the existing transgenic animals are
A) Pigs B) Cows C) Mice D) All of these
Transgenic animals can be used to
A) Study normal physiology
B) Study the biological effects
C) Study the vaccine safety
D) All of the above
Transgenic animals made to serve as models for human diseases. The disease are-
A) Alzheimer’s disease
B) Cancer
C) Cystic fibrosis
D) All of these
Which of the following transgenic human protein products development are used to treat emphysema?
A) 𝛼-1 antitrypsin B) 𝛼-1 trypsin C) 𝛼-1 albumin D) 𝛼-1 globulin
When was the first transgenic cow, Rosie produced?
A) 1979 B) 1997 C) 1996 D) 1999
____ was introduced in the first trans genetic cow-
A) 𝛼-1 antirypsin
B) Human 𝛽-Lactalbumin
C) 𝛽-1 antitrypsin
D) None of these
The first transgenic cow, Rosie produced
A) Human calcium enriched milk (2.4 g/l)
B) Human protein enriched milk (2.4 g/l)
C) Human calcium enriched milk (2.6 g/l)
D) Human protein enriched milk (2.8 g/l)
____ are used in testing safety of polio vaccine before they are used on human.
A) Transgenic pig
B) Transgenic monkey
C) Transgenic rabbits
D) Transgenic mice
____ animals are made that carry genes which makes them more sensitive to toxic substances than non-transgenic animals.
A) Transgenic B) Mutaled C) Transverred D) Transformed
Which committee takes decision regarding the validity of GM research and the safety of introducing GM-organisms for public services?
A) Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
B) Genetic Engineering Approval committee (GEAC)
C) Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)
D) Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC)
A ____ granted to a person who has either invented a new and useful product, made improvement existing product or invented a new process of making a product is called-
A) bioethics B) patent C) bio piracy D) genetic recombination
Bio patent means
A) Right to use an invention B) Right to use application are processes
C) Both A and B D) None of these
____ have been present in India from long time yet foreign country got patent through the US patent and Trademark office.
A) Brown rice B) Basmati rice C) Co-667 D) All of these
Bioethics is-
A) Process of discovery and commercialisation of new products.
B) Use of bio resources with proper authorisation.
C) Standards used to regulate human activities in relation to the biological world.
D) All of these
Exploitation of bio resources of a nation by multinational companies without authorisation from the concerned country is referred to-
A) Bioethics B) Bioweapon C) Bio piracy D) Bio-exploitation
Bio piracy is related with the-
A) Stealing of bio resources
B) Traditional knowledge and utilization
C) Biomolecules and regarding bio resources exploitation
D) Both A and C
____ was taken by Indian parliament to meet and fulfill the requirements of patent terms and other emergency provisions in this regard?
A) Indian patents bill B) Bioethics act
C) Bio piracy act D) All of these
Basmati is unique for its aroma and flavour, whose __A__ documented verities cultivated in __B__.
A) A-37, B-India B) A-27, B-India C) A-27, B-USA D) A-30, B-USA
In India, the organisation responsible for assessing the safety of introducing genetically modified organisms for public use is
(a) Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR).
(b) Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR).
(c) Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC).
(d) Research Committee on Genetic Manipulation (RCGM).
Use of bioresources by multinational companies and organisations without authorisation from the concerned country and its people is called :
(a) Bio-infringement (b) Biopiracy
(c) Bioexploitation (d) Biodegradation
Golden rice is a genetically modified crop plant where the incorporated gene is meant for biosynthesis of
(a) Vitamin C (b) Omega 3 (c) Vitamin A (d) Vitamin B
The crops engineered for glyphosate are resistant/ tolerant to :
(a) Bacteria (b) Insects (c) Herbicides (d) Fungi
In Bt cotton, the Bt toxin present in plant tissue as pro-toxin is converted into active toxin due to
(a) acidic pH of the insect gut.
(b) action of gut micro-organisms.
(c) presence of conversion factors in insect gut.
(d) alkaline pH of the insect gut.
Which body of the Government of India regulates GM research and safety of introducing GM organisms for public services?
(a) Indian Council of Agricultural Research
(b) Genetic Engineering Approval Committee
(c) Research Committee on Genetic Manipulation
(d) Bio-safety committee
Pollen tablets are available in the market for:
(a) In vitro fertilisation (b) Breeding programmes
(c) Supplementing food (d) Ex situ conservation
The first human hormone produced by recombinant DNA technology is :
(a) Insulin (b) Estrogen (c) Thyroxin (d) Progesterone
Which of the following is true for Golden rice ?
(1) It is Vitamin A enriched, with a gene from daffodil
(2) It is pest resistant, with a gene from Bacillus thuringiensis
(3) It is drought tolerant, developed using Agrobacterium vector
(4) It has yellow grains, because of a gene introduced from a primitive variety of rice
What triggers activation of protoxin to active Bt toxin of Bacillus thuringiensis in boll worm?
(1) Body temperature (2) Moist surface of midgut
(3) Alkaline pH of gut (4) Acidic pH of stomach
Which of the following bacteria reduce nitrate in soil into nitrogen ?
(1) Nitrobacter (2) Nitrococcus (3) Thiobacillus (4) Nitrosomonas
In RNAi, the genes are silenced using:
(1) ds-RNA (2) ss-DNA (3) ss-RNA (4) ds-DNA
Match the following techniques or instruments with their usage :
(a) Bioreactor (i) Separation of DNA fragments
(b) Electrophoresis (ii) Production of large quantities of products
(c) PCR (iii) Detection of pathogen, based on antigen – antibody reaction
(d) ELISA (iv) Amplification of nucleic acids
Select the correct option from following:
(1) (a)-(iii), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(i)
(2) (a)-(ii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(iii)
(3) (a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i)
(4) (a)-(ii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iii), (d)-(iv)
Match the following columns and select the correct option
Column – I Column – II
(a) Bt cotton (i) Gene therapy
(b) Adenosine deaminase Deficiency (ii) Cellular defence
(c) RNAi (iii) Detection of HIV infection
(d) PCR (iv) Bacillus thuringiensis
(a) (b) (c) (d) (a) (b) (c) (d)
1) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) 2) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
3) (iii) (ii) (i) (iv) 4) (ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
Match the organism with its use in biotechnology
(a) Bacillus thuringienesis (i) Cloning vector
(b) Thermus aquaticus (ii) Construction of first rDNA molecule
(c) Agrobacterium tumefaciens (iii) DNA polymerase
(d) Salmonella typhimurium (iv) Cry proteins
Select the correct option from the following :
(a) (b) (c) (d) (a) (b) (c) (d)
1) (iii) (iv) (i) (ii) 2) (ii) (iv) (iii) (i)
3) (iv) (iii) (i) (ii) 4) (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
Bt cotton variety that was developed by the introduction toxin gene of Bacillus thuringensis (Bt) is resistant to
1) Insect predators 2) Insect pests 3) Fungal diseases 4) Plant nematodes
Now a days it is possible to detect the mutated gene causing cancer by allowing radioactive probe to hybridise its complimentary DNA in a clone of autoradiography because
1) mutated gene completely and clearly appears on a photographic film
2) mutated gene does not appear on a photographic film as the probe has no complimentarity with it
3) mutated gene does not appear on photographic film as the probe has complimentarity with it
4) mutated gene partially appears on a photographic film
Transposons can be used during which one of the following?
1) Polymerase Chain Reaction
2) Gene silencing
3) Autoradiography
4) Gene sequencing